3D modelling Sketch Reflection Only Text (6th of June 2023)

 Written on the 21st of May 2023.

Lecture of 16th and 18th of May 2023.

The first 3D modelling class lectures were taken through two days each, with two teams divided. 

The concepts we covered throughout the lecture syllabus are,

Sketch

1. Drawing Lines (Touch, endpoint, exit sketching)

2. Drawing Arcs (2 points, exit sketching) Exit is usual

3. Lines and Arcs Pen version (Automatic recognition, dimensional label, Arc (Wiggle vs menu, Radius angle definition, close the shape)

4. Move and rotate sketches (Sketch, rotate) (Gizmo tool, Copy badge) (Edge regions dragging)

5. Drawing Splines 

Fit Spines: (Curve segments, backspace, drop pen) (Dragging points, Dragging Handles (New spine point, point delete) (Break slash individually)

Control Spines: (Polyline, Dragging points) (New spine points, Break slash individually connection) (Connection to shapes)

6. Drawing Rectangles (Centre, Diagonal, 3-point sides)

Given pictures will explain, the teaching methods relating to the mathematical concepts used. 

1. Drawing Lines (Touch, endpoint, exit sketching)

>> Highlighted the importance of “sensitivity” since it was the most basic of sketching.

>> Mathematical concepts explained are: 

Drawing Lines: Linear functions + x axis y axis, 2D cartesian plate, focussing on what these each is, and enhancing comprehension of the tool, using mathematics.

>> How to measure and clarify, (standardize) the length of the sketch.

>> Plus the basics of exiting after sketch.

2. Drawing Arcs (2 points, exit sketching) Exit is usual

3. Lines and Arcs Pen version (Automatic recognition, dimensional label, Arc (Wiggle vs menu, Radius angle definition, close the shape)

>> Highlighted the relation between, generating a circle and a line, whether locking the decisions abled to use, neither setting automatic (When drawing a circle, it generates an arc, and when drawing a line, it generates a linear straight line.). 

>> Explained what is the mathematical definition, the relation between the radius and the arc (circumference), deriving how to create circle objects by controlling their size on a cartesian product. 

4. Move and rotate sketches (Sketch, rotate) (Gizmo tool, Copy badge) (Edge regions dragging)

>> Explained how to translate the position of the sketch object drawn in both horizontal and vertical directions, also explaining the mathematical concept of an RXR cartesian plate and translation vector. 

>> Explained how to rotate the Sketch object in 360 degrees.

>> Gave a notification to beware of selecting the sketch objects each, as it will glow sky blue when selected. (To avoid missing parts)

5. Drawing Splines 

Fit Spines: (Curve segments, backspace, drop pen) (Dragging points, Dragging Handles (New spine point, point delete) (Break slash individually)

Control Spines: (Polyline, Dragging points) (New spine points, Break slash individually connection) (Connection to shapes)

>> Explained the two distinct versions of fit and control. Where fit is directly generating the instantaneous line (Tangent line), and control is closer to line eccentricity, avoiding generated points forming a curve (Parabola) points. 

>> Explained the Concept of fit as derivatives in calculus, where deriving the instantaneous line. Changing the angle of the line may change the function itself, which forms changes to each shape of the arcs generated. 

>> Explained the differences of fit and control of arcs, comparing to the human mathematical instinct of adopting addition and subtraction, where a subtraction has more stages since it is adding its inverse element of addition, similarly, explained that control is more complicated, as it has more stages of algorithmic calculation of the shape, which we tend to generate.

>> Explained breaking curve tangent line points, also with the derivability of a function, considering the conditions such as continuous function, or whether the function point has nodes. 

6. Drawing Rectangles (Centre, Diagonal, 3-point sides)

>>Explained the three versions of each methodology, drawing a rectangle.

>>Centre: Explained the situations useful such as fitting the shape into certain odds.

>>Diagonal: Two points automatically generate a triangle, which creates circumscribed circle proven by the relation between a square.

>>3-point sides, the same concept used above together with Diagonal methodology.

>> All in common, explained how to control each length of the sides.

(The video on the last page is about explaining, how to generate a spline through fit and control, with mathematical concepts.)

Written on the 28th of May 2023.

Lecture on the 23rd and 24th of May 2023.

The second 3D modelling class lectures were taken through two days each, with two teams divided. 

The concepts we covered throughout the lecture syllabus are

Sketch

6. Drawing Rectangles (Centre, Diagonal, 3-point sides) (Only Group 2)

7. Drawing Circles (Circle annotation, diameter, radius)

8. Drawing Ellipses (First axis and second axis)

9. Drawing Polygons (Select type, Move outer vertex, Define the number of sides, the length between origin)

10. Creating sketch patterns 

Linear: (Select, Spacing distance, Quantity, (Spacing Distance vs Total distance) (Total distance: Spacing area)

Circular: (Select, Gizmo to define the centre of the pattern) (Spacing angle vs Total angle) (Angle Value, Number of quantity) (Rotate the direction relative to the Gizmo centre)

11. Trimming Sketches (Select trim, Select unwanted segments, unselected area or backspace to finish) (Only group 1)

Given pictures will explain, the teaching methods relating to the mathematical concepts used. 

6. Drawing Rectangles (Centre, Diagonal, 3-point sides) (Only Group 2)

>>> Since group 2 yet didn’t have sufficient time for the lecture, It was delayed on their syllabus. However, bless in disguise, we were able to research deeply with its concept with more mathematical concepts.

>>> Mathematical Concepts:

(Centre): Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of Ellipses Circumscribed Rectangle to explain. Explained it would be preferable in situations where fitting the shape into pre-existing design segments. It shares parallels since the length value of the major axis and the minor axis are the same with each perpendicular side of the rectangle.

(Diagonal): Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of the diameter of a Circle, with the Circumcircle of a Triangle (Rectangle). Explained the characteristic being useful in all situations, where fitting in somewhere or neither expanding its shape.

(3-point sides): Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of the circumcircle of a triangle, of the ability to generate a circle by defining three distinct points on a cartesian plate. 

7. Drawing Circles (Circle annotation, diameter, radius)

>>> Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of a Circle to explain. The set of points in a plane that are equidistant from a given point. Which focused on the importance of the relative size, about adjusting the radius and the diameter. Also linked back to the relations with each rectangle and triangle with the circumcircle.

8. Drawing Ellipses (First axis and second axis)

>>> Before explaining the methodology of generating Ellipses on the plane, explained the mathematical definition and the principles of Ellipses. Especially by focusing on the difference with a circle, since the definition is the set of all points on a plane whose distance is from two fixed points, having different characteristics such as major axis and minor axis, instead of a constant radius from any angles. 

>>> Focused on changing each axis value of distance, changing the shape, and eventually shown with the mathematical concept of stretch, generating a circle by performing it.

9. Drawing Polygons (Select type, Move outer vertex, Define the number of sides, the length between origin)

>>> Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of a Centroid, Barycentre of each polynomial to explain the mechanism of the generation on the plain. 

>>> Explained the proportional relations between the length(Distance) between each sector of the polynomial to the centroid, with relative size variations.

10. Creating sketch patterns 

Linear: (Select, Spacing distance, Quantity, (Spacing Distance vs Total distance) (Total distance: Spacing area)

Circular: (Select, Gizmo to define the centre of the pattern) (Spacing angle vs Total angle) (Angle Value, Number of quantity) (Rotate the direction relative to the Gizmo centre)

>>> Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of the x and y-axis, and circles while generating patterns, and organizing the distances between each sketch object lined. 

>>> Explained two distinct situations generating patterns, whether to place the total distance (Fitting) the pattern into set series of sketches, or neither automatically generate the distances while determining the total length of the pattern sequence.

11. Trimming Sketches (Select trim, Select unwanted segments, unselected area or backspace to finish) (Only group 1)

>>> Explained how to trim (Remove) sketches, however minded to calculate contacting points of sketch lines such as intersections, since the system recognizes them as different parts.

Plus at the moment of explaining the polynomials, revealed the mathematical perspective of 3D. While limiting our knowledge to generated “Face” in a 2D cartesian plate, when explaining polygons and sketch faces, has simply explained extending the object into the z-axis, yet however, hasn’t explained rigorously about 3D space.

Experienced several changes in the main syllabus of tutoring, by discovering more mathematical concepts through week 2 lectures.

Written on the 5th of June 2023.

Lecture on the 30th and 31st of May 2023.

The concepts we covered throughout the lecture syllabus are

Sketch

11. Trimming Sketches (Select trim, Select unwanted segments, unselected area or backspace to finish)

12. Introduction to Constraints (Constraints setting) (Sketch menu) (Auto Constraint) (Show all VS Selection-based)

13. Adding and Removing Constraints (Select sketch element first, Select constraint type after) (Perpendicular, Midpoint, Endpoint, Point Locks) (Three ways to remove constraints 1) Unlock, 2) Disconnect, 3) Delete Constraint (Button))

14. Editing sketch dimensions (Select sketch, Calculator calculate dimension number) (Select distance type, left from icon) (Three types of distance 1) Horizontal, Vertical, Connected or unconnected) (Define angles)

15. Types of constraints (At least two lines, Constraint menu, not always connected) (1) Parallel, 2) Tangent, 3) Other elements(Shapes) 4) Midpoint (Endpoint + Midpoint), 5) Concentric (Arc + Circle), 6) Horizontal+Vertical(One or more), 7) Auto-Constraints (Just Sketch), 8) Equal-Constraints (Many), 9) Symmetry-Constraints (Two lines + Axis-line), 10) Lock Constraint (Line + Lock, colour)

16. Using pattern constraints (Pattern Changing, break pattern for individual change)

17. Making Construction Geometries (Select Sketch, Select one sketch element, Make construction, dashed line, to return-Make Regular)

18. Defining Sketch Planes (Faces of orientation cube, press the space bar, select the face, select the space by touch-screen)

Final rewards:

Using Chat GPT-4 to generate precise shapes

11. Trimming Sketches (Select trim, Select unwanted segments, unselected area or backspace to finish) (Only group 1)

>>> Again explained how to trim (Remove) sketches, however minded to calculate contacting points of sketch lines such as intersections, since the system recognizes them as different parts, and it is very important. Furthermore explained the action with the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of removing equations and functions or the m plotted in specific areas, giving conditions.

12. Introduction to Constraints (Constraints setting) (Sketch menu) (Auto Constraint) (Show all VS Selection-based)

>>> Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of identifying the information of right-angled geometric features. 

>>> Explained with the focus on modifying standardization throughout the designing process.

13. Adding and Removing Constraints (Select sketch element first, Select constraint type after) (Perpendicular, Midpoint, Endpoint, Point Locks) (Three ways to remove constraints 1) Unlock, 2) Disconnect, 3) Delete Constraint (Button))

>>> Explained the difference between Locked/ Unlocked and Connected/ Disconnected. Plus breaking and forming them through the Trim tool. Locking a point causes a point on a line to stick on the cartesian plate coordinate given, and only other connected parts with certain points are moveable. For the Connection tool, it is the condition that causes a sketch line to become independent to freely move and rotate. 

Then covering Number 14,15,16,17 from our Modelling Syllabus, we learned and explored constraints named “Parallel”, ”Perpendicular”, “Tangent”, “Coincident”, “Midpoint”, “Concentric”, “Horizontal/Vertical”, “Equal”, “Symmetry”, “Disconnect”, “Lock”, “Make Construction”. Plus the importance of defining the independent sketch object selected first, since it becomes the standard axis of actions given above, with a certain direction.. ( “Parallel”, ”Perpendicular”, “Tangent”, “Coincident”, “Midpoint”, “Concentric”, “Horizontal/Vertical”, “Equal”, “Symmetry”)

14. Editing sketch dimensions (Select sketch, Calculator calculate dimension number) (Select distance type, left from icon) (Three types of distance 1) Horizontal, Vertical, Connected or unconnected) (Define angles)

15. Types of constraints (At least two lines, Constraint menu, not always connected) (1) Parallel, 2) Tangent, 3) Other elements(Shapes) 4) Midpoint (Endpoint + Midpoint), 5) Concentric (Arc + Circle), 6) Horizontal+Vertical(One or more), 7) Auto-Constraints (Just Sketch), 8) Equal-Constraints (Many), 9) Symmetry-Constraints (Two lines + Axis-line), 10) Lock Constraint (Line + Lock, colour)

>>> Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of the perpendicular foot between two lines, even with extended dash lines. 

>>> Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of the uniqueness of a cartesian coordinate point to explain “Lock” in Constraints.

>>> Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of translation with a translation vector while explaining moving sketches by constraints.

>>> Used the mathematical concept (Definition, Principle) of the Relation between Vectors and Scalars on a 2D Cartesian Plate, while explaining the tool “Equal” and “Parallel”, by the conditions required for a scalar to become the same vector with another. That only sharing the same magnitude insists that two scalars are equal, however when the directions of each vector with equal scalars are parallel, sharing the same direction, they become equivalent vectors. 

>>> Explained the “Perpendicular” tool with Perpendicular and Parallel relations between vectors(Lines)

>>> Explained the dilation of sketch figures forming tangents by the mathematical principle of Dilation and Tangent and Instantaneous Rate of Change which forms in the point of sketches meeting each other.

>>> Explained placing two or more lines on a coincident by using the tool “Coincident” by method on a 2D cartesian plate, by the mathematical principle of the equivalent of functions.

>>> Explained plotting a new point constraint by using the tool “Midpoint”, and used the mathematical principle of Midpoints on a line.

>>> Explained plotting various polygons to circles and ellipses with concentric methods through the mathematical principle of concentric. By the definition of concentric in Geometry, the objects are said to be concentric when they share a common centre. Circles, spheres, regular polyhedra, and regular polygons are concentric as they share the same centre point. 

>>> Explained changing the angles of drawn lines using the tool “Horizontal/Vertical”. The system recognizes the closest angle by dividing portions between diagonal lines of each quadrant (y=x and y=-x) and discriminates whether it would become horizontal or vertical, meaning parallel to the x-axis if smaller than 45degrees, and parallel to the y-axis if larger than 45degrees and smaller that 135degrees. 

>>> Explained the tool “Symmetry” by the mathematical concepts of rotation and symmetric relations. 

>>> Explained the tools “Connect” and “Disconnect” by using the mathematical principle of Continuity Relations of a function and Discontinuity Relations of a function. 

16. Using pattern constraints (Pattern Changing, break pattern for individual change)

>>> Explained the pattern constraints with the mathematical principle of Sequence and Series, plus all mathematical tools used above to explain. How to generate pattern constraints, focusing on the relations between each constraint and patterns.

17. Making Construction Geometries (Select Sketch, Select one sketch element, Make construction, dashed line, to return-Make Regular)

>>>Explained the tool “Make Regular” by Dashed lines in mathematics, used for standardization and design planning.

18. Defining Sketch Planes (Faces of orientation cube, press the space bar, select the face, select the space by touch-screen)

>>>Explained the usage of orientation cube and the importance of the mathematical concept of 3D planes in vectors and scalars + Cubes + Mathematical Intuition vs Standardization. Also highlighted the importance of designing with standardization, instead of being dependent on intuition while designing, which requires proper frontal face faced on the design plane.

For the last, as we accomplished our objectives of finishing the sketch in 3weeks, as a reward, we learned and discussed using Chat-GPT to generate a function through an input visual source and plot it on the Desmos programme, for fun and enthusiasm in Artificial Knowledge also.

Throughout three weeks, our club members fully mastered sketching skills through Sharpr3D, and will take more lessons during their summer holidays, extending our knowledge to designing 3D spaces. Great effort everyone!